A medicine for PHYSICS FEVER... (Class 12)

Physics, as a compulsory subject of science stream has great importance in competitive exams so it's essential you study smart from the very beginning. Apart from competitive exams, understanding concepts and applying them in given situations will help you improve your logical and analytical thinking, which will come in handy for the future. Last but not least, Physics can help boost your aggregate percentage, and that's always a benefit. Here are some study tips!

Syllabus (Theory):

• Unit 1. Electrostatics 8 marks. 
• Unit 2. Current Electricity 7 marks.
• Unit 3. Magnetic effect of current & Magnetism 8 marks.  
• Unit 4. Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating current 8 marks. 
• Unit 5. Electromagnetic Waves 3 marks. 
• Unit 6. Optics 14 marks.   
• Unit 7. Dual Nature of Matter 4 marks. 
• Unit 8. Atoms and Nuclei 6 marks.  
• Unit 9. Electronic Devices 7 marks.  
• Unit 10. Communication Systems 5 marks

Total 70 marks

Tips: - Initially read the entire book, all chapters, without trying to memorize anything, only focus on understanding.

- Keep 3 separate quick revision lists with you, one for important formulae, one for all the derivations and one for important definitions. 

 - Also revise graphs and specially diagrams.

- Understand applications of the various concepts, if there are any doubts clear them with a teacher as soon as possible. After understanding from a teacher write about what you have understood.

 - Read through your quick revision lists as often as possible.

- Complete ALL questions from NCERT, both solved and unsolved as majority of CBSE exam is based on NCERT books.

- Be meticulous in answering questions, correct S.I. Units and other details are very important and you may lose marks on an otherwise correct question if you miss the minor details. 

 - Practice numerical questions in addition to theory questions.

- Create a study schedule focusing on topics which have more weightage and those that you are weak in. However don't forget to devote time to those topics you are comfortable in.

- Try to start your studying by revising a topic you are comfortable in. The confidence will help boost your stamina in studying the difficult topics. 

- Attempt sample papers/previous year papers to be able to identify trends and your weak points. 

- Practice writing questions point-wise to score more during your exam.

 - After finding your weak areas, focus on mastering them.

- Read and understand the concept before trying to answer questions.

 - Revise the syllabus at least twice.

- Practice previous 10 year papers. 

- Improve your speed in answering papers by trying to complete them within the time frame you will have available at the examination.

Physics can be mastered with hard work and patience. Remember to revise, revise and revise!

Chemistry seems tough? I have finally got the perfect solution to it.

Chemistry for class 12 is a feared subject that requires a lot of memory power and theoretical “mugging up” in order to score marks in the CBSE exams. This general notion brings down the confidence level in many students. But Chemistry should be viewed as a subject which “throws away” marks to its students. Let us learn how to crack this che-mystery.

1. Organic Chemistry

A sure shot scoring area as the concepts revolve around specific rules. Hence it is necessary to study these rules and exceptions for certain reactions.

Chapters like Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers and Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids (Unit 11 and 12) are the most important and have a higher weightage of questions. Fundamental reactions like Nucleophilic substitution/addition, Electrophilic substitution/addition and named reactions like Williamson, Wolff-Kishner, Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky, Clemmenson Reduction are important and 5 mark questions can be asked directly to explain each of the processes and questions like stepwise conversion from one compound to another are definitely expected every year.

Another part where stress should be given is the IUPAC naming of compounds and the use of different reagents to test the presence of compounds (like Tollens’, Baeyers’) will easily fetch you the short answer type questions allotted 1/2 marks.

2. Inorganic Chemistry

Without a doubt, the NCERT material provided in Inorganic Chemistry for class 12 is the primer in the field. It is important to read through the entire chapters of Inorganic Chemistry as the student is tested on his/her memory of certain reactions. Most of these questions are direct and Units 6 to 9 are the most important. This section will be taught after Physical Chemistry but it is always advisable to start preparing these topics in advance.

Coordination Compounds and p-Block elements (8+ Marks with a sure 5 Mark question expected from this chapter) are the most important chapters in Inorganic Chemistry. There is a soft spot for Noble gases and Halogens as there always are some questions asked from these topics in the exam. Develop a “Reaction Book”, a book listing ALL the reactions when you are preparing. This book should be gone through at least once a week and will prove to be very useful during the revision time at the end and also for your JEE Main and JEE Advanced and other entrance exams’ preparation time.

3. Physical Chemistry

One word. Toppr. Solve this question bank provided by Toppr on their website which contains a lot of problems in physical chemistry. One should be very thorough with their formulae and should be able to apply in any way modified. The only way to get a good sense over this would be to practise more and more problems.

Chapters like Surface Chemistry, Solutions, Electrochemistry and Chemical Kinetics come under this category and there is no exception as to which are important.

Practising the problems provided at the end of each of the chapters helps and sometimes, we can expect the same model questions appearing in the exams as well! Toppr applies to the Organic and inorganic chemistry as well. Also, solve the past year papers and write them as an exam during the final revision time so as to improve your answering speed and this will also give an idea of time management as the paper might get lengthy at times. Good for exam simulation.

All the best for your journey!
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How to choose a right carrer.... MUST READ !!

Choosing the right career can be difficult, but having a defined career direction will help you with getting a job. But with a little hard work, some planning, and some serious self-reflection, you can set yourself on a path towards a fruitful, fulfilling career that can provide for you and your family.

1

Consider your dream career. There is an old saying that if you’re trying to choose a career, you should think about what you would do if you didn’t have to work. If you had a million dollars and you could do anything, what would you do? Your answer to that question, while maybe not literally the best career choice for you, may give you insight into what you should do.

• If you want to be a music star, consider going into audio engineering or music composition. These careers are easier to pursue and you will be much more likely to succeed and provide for yourself in the future.
• If you want to be an actor, consider going into media broadcasting. You can get a degree in communications or work your way up the chain of command in a local news or other television studio.
• If you want to travel the world, consider becoming an airline steward or stewardess. This is a great way to make a living and pursue your dream of traveling the globe.

2

Consider your hobbies. It is very easy to turn your hobbies or something you love doing into a future career. Many hobbies correspond to real world needs and positions. Consider what you like to do and how that might fit into a career.

• For example, if you like playing video games, consider becoming a video game designer, programmer, or QA specialist.
• If you like drawing or art, consider becoming a graphic designer.
• If you like sports, consider going into teaching and getting certified as a coach.

3

Consider what you enjoy or enjoyed in school. Academic subjects translate well into future careers but may require more schooling than other types of careers. Your favorite class in high school could very well launch you into your future career but you have to be willing to work for it.

• For example, if you loved chemistry, you could look forward to a future career as a lab technician or a pharmacist.
• If you liked English class, consider becoming an editor or a copywriter.
• If you enjoyed math, consider becoming an actuary or an accountant.

4

Consider what skills you excel in. If you are particularly good at certain skills, such as fixing things or making things, this can provide you with a great future career. Schooling may or may not be necessary, but skilled labor is often in demand and you will find it fairly easy to find work.

• For example, carpentry, auto repair, construction, and electrical work all benefit from people who are good at fixing things or working with their hands. These also tend to be stable, well-paying jobs.
• Other skills, such as a skill for cooking, can also be easily turned into a career.

5

Consider your interpersonal skills. If your skills lie more in helping and communicating with other people, there are jobs for you as well. People who communicate and interact with others well can easily get careers as social workers or in marketing and similar business positions.

• If you’re more the type to take care of others, consider nursing or work as an administrative assistant or office manager.

6

Explore yourself. Figuring out what you should do with your life may sometimes require you to get to know yourself better. If you want a career that will really make you happy, you have to have a very good understanding of what you want and what you enjoy. For some people, this means taking some time off to decide what’s important to them.

• There is nothing wrong with this, so don’t feel bad. It’s more important that you figure your life out as early as possible, rather than getting knee deep in a career which makes you hate your life.

7

Think about the education you will have as you enter a career. It is important to consider what education you already have or will have as you begin pursuing a career. If finances may bar you from pursuing more schooling, you may need to consider what you already have. It may also be necessary to stick with your existing high school or college degree if there are time limitations or other restrictions. If you find that you are limited to jobs relating to the degree you already have, consult with a career counselor to find out what options are available to you.

8

Consider your future financial security. One of the most important things to consider is if the career path you’re choosing will provide you with an acceptable level of financial security. In other words, will you be able to make enough money to support yourself and your family?

• Remember, this doesn’t have to be a lot of money or enough money by somebody else’s standards. All that matters is that it’s enough for you and what you want for your life.

9

Consider your future job stability. It is also important to consider a future career’s stability. Job markets fluctuate as society needs different things at different times. Certain jobs are also always in demand or frequently unstable. You will need to consider if the career you choose is stable enough for you and your desires for the future.

• For example, many people recently went into law school and racked up often in excess of $100,000 in school debt because they thought they’d be making a very high wage in the future. However, law positions are not in demand as much the last few years and now those people have huge debts and no way to pay them.
• Another example is working as a writer or any career based on freelance work. You may sometimes have plenty of work but there may be years when you have almost nothing. Working in this way requires a certain level of determination and discipline and is not for everybody.

How can You avoid being distracted by girls during the JEE preparation?

Make a clear distinction in mind to the question.
1)Do you really want to crack JEE Advanced? Yes.
2)Does girls distract you during preparation which you think that it will be harmful for your preparation? 
a)If no,
No problem, do not forget to prepare for JEE.
b)Else,
You are contradicting yourself at step 1.

Now the point is it is quite natural while preparing for JEE that you get distracted by girls. However you have to choose. Yeah choose wisely that if this distraction is letting not to study properly for JEE, then you have to leave it, not always I mean up to the exams right, after that you are free (sort of) to get distracted. If you can manage then there is no problem.

Still I have not answered the question properly. What should be done so that you will not be distracted. Well make a schedule to busy yourself always with study so that you do not even get time for that. When ever you thing that say a particular girl is making you distracted or something like that first thing is to accept that yeah you are getting distracted. Now while you are alone think about what should be done so that you will not be getting distracted. I can aassure you, you yourself will come up with an idea much better than I would suggest and much applicable for you. 

In the last the whole point of discussion converges to a question that asks to choose. And choose wisely. Because

10 Tips to Study Smart and Save Time

The alternative strategy is to focus on actually using the information you have to build something. This involves linking concepts together and compressing information so it fits in the bigger picture. Here are some ideas to get started:

1. Metaphor – Metaphors can allow you to quickly organize information by comparing a complex idea to a simple one. When you find relationships between information, come up with analogies to increase your understanding. Compare neurons with waves on a string. Make metaphors comparing parts of a brain with sections of your computer.
2. Use All Your Senses – Abstract ideas are difficult to memorize because they are far removed from our senses. Shift them closer by coming up with vivid pictures, feelings and images that relate information together. When I learned how to do a determinant of a matrix, I remembered the pattern by visualizing my hands moving through the numbers, one adding and one subtracting.
3. Teach It – Find someone who doesn’t understand the topic and teach it to them. This exercise forces you to organize. Spending five minutes explaining a concept can save you an hour of combined studying for the same effect.
4. Leave No Islands – When you read through a textbook, every piece of information should connect with something else you have learned. Fast learners do this automatically, but if you leave islands of information, you won’t be able to reach them during a test.
5. Test Your Mobility – A good way to know you haven’t linked enough is that you can’t move between concepts. Open up a word document and start explaining the subject you are working with. If you can’t jump between sections, referencing one idea to help explain another, you won’t be able to think through the connections during a test.
6. Find Patterns – Look for patterns in information. Information becomes easier to organize if you can identify broader patterns that are similar across different topics. The way a neuron fires has similarities to “if” statements in programming languages.
7. Build a Large Foundation – Reading lots and having a general understanding of many topics gives you a lot more flexibility in finding patterns and metaphors in new topics. The more you already know, the easier it is to learn.
8. Don’t Force – I don’t spend much time studying before exams. Forcing information during the last few days is incredibly inefficient. Instead try to slowly interlink ideas as they come to you so studying becomes a quick recap rather than a first attempt at learning.
9. Build Models – Models are simple concepts that aren’t true by themselves, but are useful for describing abstract ideas. Crystallizing one particular mental image or experience can create a model you can reference when trying to understand. When I was trying to tackle the concept of subspaces, I visualized a blue background with a red plane going through it. This isn’t an entirely accurate representation of what a subspace is, but it created a workable image for future ideas.
10. Learning is in Your Head – Having beautiful notes and a perfectly highlighted textbook doesn’t matter if you don’t understand the information in it. Your only goal is to understand the information so it will stick with you for assignments, tests and life. Don’t be afraid to get messy when scrawling out ideas on paper and connecting them in your head. Use notes and books as a medium for learning rather than an end result.

10 ways to boost your motivation and mood to help you get started on projects

1) Force yourself to start – The motivation will come

Many people tend to wait for the right moment (when they feel inspired and/or motivated) to start their work. But the reality is they may never feel inspired to do the work that needs to be done.

The most successful people don’t wait around until they’re in the right mood. They just get started and what they notice is after awhile they realise “wow, what I’ve done so far is pretty good” and this results in them feeling motivated and wanting to take more action.

If you just start doing something small (writing one sentence, getting the book out of your bag, etc.), it won’t take long before you’re on a roll and deeply immersed in your project.

2) Imagine the end

If you’re really struggling with a project it can help to imagine the end result and how you’ll feel once you accomplish it. Athletes use this strategy frequently to help them stay focused on their goals and to keep motivated.

You may want to consider putting a picture of the end result up on your wall or on your project file as this can be a great way to keep motivated when dealing with obstacles and setbacks.

3) Imagine taking the next action step

If you find imagining the end result too overwhelming, then imagine yourself just taking the next step on whatever it is you need to do. This could involve imagining yourself getting up and turning on your computer, putting on your jogging shoes or picking up a book. The simple act of visualising yourself executing a particular action can help you to take the first step (which is often the hardest part).

4) See the big picture

Often we lack motivation when we can’t see the point in what we are doing. Before you engage in your work ask yourself “Why am I doing this?”, “Where am I heading?” and “Where do I want to be in 3 years time?” Answering these questions can help you to gain clarity, focus your energy and propel you into action.

5) Trick yourself into getting started

Next time you have a piece of work you need to do, ask yourself this question –

“What’s the smallest, simplest action that I can take to start this task?”

If it’s a book you need to read, the simplest action may be getting the book from the shelf or your bag. You want to say to yourself “All I need to do is get my book from my bag”.

Once you’ve done this, ask yourself the question –

“What’s the next smallest and simplest action step I can take?”

This time it may be opening up the book or reading the first sentence on the page. It may not seem like much, but the act of taking the first action step is often the hardest part and once you’ve done that, it’s highly likely that you will keep going.

6) Gain Clarity

Get clear on what you need to do. What will the finished product/project look like? Spend some time thinking about this. You may want to even sketch out onto some paper what it is that you’re setting out to achieve.

Once you’re clear on this, set a goal with a deadline of when you want to have this completed by (e.g. “I will have completed my report by Friday the 10th of June by 4pm”

7) Power nap it up

If you’re feeling tired, don’t force yourself to start your work. Take a power nap instead. Power naps (aka nanna naps and power snoozes) are short intense naps between 10 and 24 minutes in duration.

Taking a power nap before 5pm can be a great way to re-energise and clear your mind before starting work on an important project that requires a fresh state of mind.

8 ) Watch an uplifting video on YouTube or put on some upbeat music

If you’re feeling in a flat mood, you can set a short period of time aside (e.g. 5 or 10 minutes) to watch an inspirational video on YouTube or listen to some uplifting music. As long as this doesn’t lead to you spending hours of your day watching random videos instead of doing your work, it can be a great way to get in the right mindset for a productive session of work. An inspirational video to get you started is Team Hoyt – The Journey of Life Together.

9) Move your body

Studies have found that intense physical activity can enhance creativity, decrease stress levels and sharpen your ability to think. If you want to feel motivated and be more productive, then hit the gym, go for a run, participate in a zumba class or just dance in your bedroom!

In order to experience the full benefits of physical activity you need to engage in exercise that gets you working up a sweat and puffing. There is however a fine line. Whilst you want to work up a sweat, you also don’t want to exercise to the point where you feel completely exhausted and need to spend the rest of the day on the couch. You need to find the right level of intensity that works for you.

10) Work in 8 minute Power Bursts

Invest in a timer and work in 8 minute power bursts. 8 minutes doesn’t sound like a very long period of time but it’s long enough to allow you to get into the swing of a particular activity. When you need to start work on a particular project, set the alarm for 8 minutes and tell yourself “I’m going to focus on doing this for 8 minutes – no distractions!”.

When the timer goes off after 8 minutes, you have two choices – if you’re struggling with the task you can take a break but if you’re on a roll, keep going. The beauty of this strategy is that after 8 minutes you’ll most likely have eased into the project, realised “This isn’t so bad!” and want to keep going.

There you have it – 10 more ways to boost your motivation and lift your mood to start your projects. Chances are that even after reading this, you’re still not feeling particularly motivated to start your work. But don’t despair – the solution is to try out one of the strategies and see how you go.

KVPY... If you are smart, try this.

KVPY 

Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan Yojana is a national fellowship/scholarship programme in Basic Sciences, conducted by Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. The programme aims to identify students with talent and aptitude for research and encourage them to take up research as a career. 

The KVPY Fellowships are only applicable to the Indian Nationals who study in India and have enrolled in the under graduate program in Basic Sciences. OCI and PIO’s are not eligible for the program.

The broad classification is as under:

Stream SA

Students enrolled in XI Standard (Science Subjects) during the academic year 2016-17 and having secured a minimum of 80% (70% for SC/ST/PWD) marks in aggregate in MATHEMATICS and SCIENCE subjects in the X Standard Board examination. The fellowship of the students selected under this stream will be activated only if they join an undergraduate course in Basic Sciences (B.Sc./B.S./B.Stat./B.Math./Int. M.Sc./M.S.) in the academic year 2018-19 after having secured a minimum of  60% (50%for SC/ST/PWD) marks in aggregate in Science subjects in the XII standard/(+2) Board Examination. During the interim period of one year they will be invited for Regional /National (Vijyoshi) Science Camp and their travel and other related expenses will be met by KVPY.

Stream SX

Students enrolled in XII Standard/ (+2) (Science subjects) during the academic year 2016–17 and aspiring to join undergraduate program in Basic Sciences namely Physics/Chemistry/Mathematics & Biology leading to  B.Sc./B.S./B.Stat./B.Math./Int. M.Sc./M.S. for the session 2017–18 provided they have secured a minimum of 80% (70% for SC/ST/PWD) marks in aggregate in MATHEMATICS and SCIENCE subjects (Physics/Chemistry/Biology) in the X Standard Board Examination and a minimum of  60% (50% for SC/ST/PWD) marks in aggregate in SCIENCE subjects (Physics/Chemistry/Biology) in the XII standard Board Examination.

Stream SB

Students enrolled in 1st year B. Sc./B.S./Int. M.Sc. during the academic year 2016 – 2017 and have secured a minimum of 60% (50% for SC/ST) marks in aggregate in SCIENCE subjects in the XII Standard Board Examination.

SP (Basic Sciences)

Students enrolled in XI/XII standard, I/II year (B.Sc./ B.S. / Int. M.Sc.) in Basic Sciences and I/II year B.E./ B.Tech./ B.Arch. during the academic year 2017 – 2018 and have secured a minimum of 60% (50% for SC/ ST) marks in aggregate in the X & XII Standard Board Examinations. Additionally students enrolled in the II year B.Sc. / B.S. / Int. M.Sc/ B.E. / B.Tech. / B.Arch. program must have secured a minimum of 60% (50% for SC/ST) marks in the Ist year examination. A hard copy of an original and creative Science based research project done by the applicant is required to be submitted along with the application.

Engineering students may also apply for the stream SP (Basic Sciences)

Stream SP (Medicine)

Students joining First / Second Professional year of MBBS/ B.V.Sc/ BDS/ B.Pharma program during the academic year 2017-2018. Students must have passed XII Standard Board Examination with 80% (70% for SC/ST) marks in aggregate in Science subjects or passed First Professional MBBS/ B.V.Sc/ BDS/ B.Pharma exam with not less than 60% (50% for SC/ST) marks. A Copy of the Bio – Medical research project is required along with the application.Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan Yojana is a prestigious scholarship program to scout and nurture young talent. It is conducted by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India

KVPY SA exam pattern

KVPY SA exam will have single paper with objective-type multiple-choice questions (MCQs). Duration of the paper is 3 hours.



The paper will have negative marking – ¼ marks awarded to the question will be deducted from the total score if the answer is wrong. It means 0.25 mark will be deducted for the wrong answer in Part 1 and 0.5 mark will be deducted for incorrect answer in Part 2.

KVPY SB exam pattern or KVPY SX exam pattern

Like the SA exam, both KVPY SB exam and KVPY SX exam will also have single paper with objective-type multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and duration of 3 hours.

The only difference is that at this level, students can choose to answer questions of any three subjects (out of four available) in Part 1 of the question paper and any two subjects (out of four available) in Part 2 of the question paper.



There is negative marking here too –0.25 mark will be deducted for wrong answer in Paper 1, and 0.5 mark will be deducted for wrong answer in Part 2.

KVPY 2016 Syllabus

There is no prescribed syllabus for the KVPY written exam and the emphasis is on evaluating the candidates on their conceptual understanding and analytical ability rather than their factual knowledge.

However, for guidance purposes, your study should consist of Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Mathematics syllabus that you have studied till Class X for SA exam, till Class XII for SX exam and till 1st year of your B.Sc., B.S., B.stat., B.Math., Integrated M.Sc. or Integrated M.S. programmes as applicable.

Since the CBSE Board is most popular school board in India, you might consider covering CBSE syllabus up to Class X or XII as applicable.